Core

Classes

class Complex(real, imaginary)

Class to represent a complex number system (real and imaginary)

Arguments

  • real (number()) – the real number

  • imaginary (number()) – the imaginary number

Returns

Complex –

Complex.magnitude

Gets the magnitude of the complex number.

Complex.phase

Gets the phase of the complex number.

Complex.polar

Gets the polar coordinates of the complex number.

Complex.add(other)

Add two complex numbers.

Arguments

  • other (Complex()) – the complex number to compare

Returns

Complex –

Complex.conjugate()

Conjugate a complex number.

Returns

Complex –

Complex.div(other)

Divide two complex numbers.

Arguments

  • other (Complex()) – the complex number to compare

Returns

Complex –

Complex.mul(other)

Multiply two complex numbers.

Arguments

  • other (Complex()) – the complex number to compare

Returns

Complex –

Complex.sub(other)

Subtract two complex numbers.

Arguments

  • other (Complex()) – the complex number to compare

Returns

Complex –

Complex.toString()

Return the complex number as a string in the format (a + bi).

Returns

string –

Complex.fromPolar(magnitude, phase)

Create a complex number from polar coordinates.

Arguments

  • magnitude (number()) – the magnitude

  • phase (number()) – the phase

Returns

Complex –

Complex.fromString(str)

Create a complex number from a string (a + bi).

Arguments

  • str (string()) – the string to parse

Returns

Complex –

class Tuple(iterable)

Class representing Python’s Tuple

Creates a tuple from an iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – the iterable

Throws

Error() –

  • if the iterable is not iterable

Returns

Tuple –

Tuple.count(num)

Counts the number of occurrences of an item in the tuple.

Arguments

  • num (any()) – the item to count

Returns

number –

Tuple.index(num)

Returns the index of the first occurrence of an item in the tuple.

Arguments

  • num (any()) – the item to find

Returns

number –

Tuple.toString()

Returns a string representation of the tuple.

Returns

string –

class List(iterable)

Class representing Python’s List

Creates a list from an iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – the iterable

Throws

Error() –

  • if the iterable is not iterable

Returns

List –

List.append(x)

Appends an item to the end of the list.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – the item to append

List.clear()

Clears the list of all items.

List.copy()

Returns a copy of the list.

Returns

List –

List.count(x)

Counts the number of occurrences of an item in the list.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – the item to count

Returns

number –

List.extend(iterable)

Extends the list with an iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – the iterable

Returns

List –

List.index(x, start=0, stop)

Returns the index of the first occurrence of an item in the list.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – the item to find

  • start (number()) – the index to start searching from

  • stop (number()) – the index to end searching at

Throws

  • Error() –

    • if the index is out of range

  • Error() –

    • if the value is not found

Returns

number –

List.insert(index, x)

Inserts an item at the specified index.

Arguments

  • index (number()) – the index to insert at

  • x (any()) – the item to insert

Throws

Error() –

  • if the index is out of range

List.pop(index)

removes the last index of the list and returns it. If an index is specified, it removes the item at that index and returns it.

Arguments

  • index (number()) – the index to remove

Throws

Error() –

  • if the index is out of range

Returns

any –

List.remove(x)

Removes the first occurrence of an item in the list.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – the item to remove

List.sort(key, reverse=false)

Sort the list in place. If a key function is specified, the list is sorted according to the key function. If a key function is not specified, the list is sorted according to the value of the items. If a reverse flag is specified, the list is sorted in reverse order.

Arguments

  • key (function()) – the key function

  • reverse (boolean()) – the reverse flag

List.toString()

Returns a string representation of the list.

Returns

string –

class Dict(iterable)

Class to represent Python’s dictionary

Creates a dictionary from a list of key-value pairs.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable|Object()) – iterable or object containing the keys and values grouped together.

Returns

Dict –

Dict.clear()

Clears the dictionary of all key-value pairs.

Dict.copy()

Returns a copy of the dictionary.

Returns

Dict –

Dict.get(key)

Gets the value of a key.

Arguments

  • key (string()) – the key

Returns

any –

Dict.items()

Returns the key-value pairs of the dictionary as a list of tuples.

Returns

List –

Dict.keys()

Returns the keys of the dictionary.

Returns

Tuple –

Dict.pop(key)

Removes a key from the dictionary. Returns the value of the key.

Arguments

  • key (string()) – the key

Returns

any –

Dict.popitem()

Removes the last key-value pair from the dictionary and returns it.

Returns

Tuple –

Dict.setItem(key, value)

Sets the key-value pair.

Arguments

  • key (string()) – the key

  • value (any()) – the value

Dict.toString()

Returns a string representation of the dictionary.

Returns

string –

Dict.update(other)

Updates the dictionary with the key-value pairs of another dictionary.

Arguments

  • other (Dict()) – the dictionary to update with

Dict.values()

Returns the values of the dictionary.

Returns

Tuple –

Dict.fromkeys(keys, value=null)

Creates a dictionary from a list of keys using a default value.

Arguments

  • keys (iterable()) – the keys

  • value (any()) – the default value

Returns

Dict –

class FrozenSet(iterable)

Class representing Python’s FrozenSet

Creates a frozen set from an iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – the iterable

Throws

Error() –

  • if the iterable is not iterable

Returns

FrozenSet –

FrozenSet.toString()

Returns a string representation of the frozen set.

Returns

string –

class String()

Additional methods for strings.

String.capitalize()

Convert the first character of the string to uppercase

Returns

string – the string with the first character converted to uppercase

String.center(width, fillchar)

Return a centered string of length width.

Arguments

  • width (number()) – the length of the string to be returned

  • fillchar (string()) – the string to be used for padding

Throws

  • TypeError() – if width is not an integer

  • Error() – if width is less than zero

Returns

string – the centered string

String.count(sub[, start[, end]])

Return the number of non-overlapping occurrences of substring sub in the range [start, end].

Arguments

  • sub – substring to count

  • start – start index of the range

  • end – end index of the range

Returns

number of occurrences

Return type

number

String.encode(encoding)

Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding. Default encoding is ‘utf-8’.

Arguments

  • encoding (string()) – the encoding to be used

Throws

  • TypeError() – if encoding is not a string

  • Error() – if encoding is not a valid encoding

Returns

string – the encoded string

String.endswith(suffix, start, end)

Return true if the string ends with the suffix, otherwise return false. If suffix is not a string, it is converted to one using str(suffix). If the optional start, end, or both are supplied, then return true if the string ends with the suffix between start and end positions (including the end position, but not the start position).

Arguments

  • suffix (string()) – the suffix to be checked

  • start (number()) – the start index

  • end (number()) – the end index

Returns

boolean – true if the string ends with the suffix

String.expandtabs(tabsize)

Return a copy of the string where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 2 characters is assumed.

Arguments

  • tabsize (number()) – the tab size

Throws

  • TypeError() – if tabsize is not an integer

  • Error() – if tabsize is less than zero

Returns

string – the string with tabs expanded

String.find(sub, start, end)

Return the lowest index in the string where substring sub is found, such that sub is contained in the slice s[start:end]. Optional arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. Return -1 on failure.

Arguments

  • sub (string()) – the substring to be found

  • start (number()) – the start index

  • end (number()) – the end index

Throws

  • TypeError() – if start is not an integer

  • TypeError() – if end is not an integer

  • Error() – if start or end is less than zero or end > start

Returns

number – the index of the substring

String.format([values])

Return a formatted version of the string using the format string. The format string may contain literal text or replacement fields. The fields are identified by braces {fieldNumber}. Each replacement field contains one or more format specifiers, which define how the corresponding value is converted to a string. The field number is optional, but may be present in the specifiers. If the field number is not present, the fields are filled in in the order they appear in the format string. If field numbers are present, they are used to order the fields in the format string.

Arguments

  • values – values to insert into the format string

Returns

formatted string

Return type

string

String.format_map(map)

Return a formatted version of the string using the format map. The format map should be a Dict or Map but can also be an iterable. of key-value pairs. The fields are identified by braces {} and must contain names that match the keys in the format map.

Arguments

  • map (Map|Dict()) – the format map

Throws

  • TypeError() – if map is not a Map, Dict or iterable of key-value pairs

  • Error() – if map is empty

  • Error() – if there is an empty specifier in the format string

  • Error() – if there is a mismatch between the number of arguments and the number of specifiers

Returns

string – the formatted string

String.index(sub[, start[, end]])

Return the index of the first occurrence of substring sub in the range [start, end].

Arguments

  • sub – substring to find

  • start – start index of the range

  • end – end index of the range

Returns

index of the first occurrence

Return type

number

String.isalnum()

Return true if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are alphanumeric and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.isalpha()

Return true if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.isdigit()

Return true if all characters in the string are digits, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are digits, false otherwise

String.isidentifier()

A string is considered a valid identifier if it only contains alphanumeric letters (a-z) and (0-9), or underscores (_). A valid identifier cannot start with a number, or contain any spaces.

Returns

boolean – true if the string is a valid identifier, false otherwise

String.islower()

Return true if all characters in the string are lowercase and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are lowercase and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.isnumeric()

Return true if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.isprintable()

Return true if all characters in the string are printable, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are printable, false otherwise

String.isspace()

Return true if all characters in the string are whitespace and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are whitespace and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.istitle()

Return true if the string is a titlecased string, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if the string is a titlecased string, false otherwise

String.isupper()

Return true if all characters in the string are uppercase and there is at least one character, false otherwise.

Returns

boolean – true if all characters in the string are uppercase and there is at least one character, false otherwise

String.join(iterable)

Join the elements of an iterable to the end of the string.

Arguments

  • iterable (Iterable()) – the iterable to join

Throws

  • TypeError() – if iterable is not iterable

  • TypeError() – if iterable contains a non-string

Returns

string – the joined string

String.jsReplace()

JS’s original string replace() method

String.ljust(width, fillchar="\" \"")

Return a left-justified version of the string, padding on the right with the specified fill character.

Arguments

  • width (number()) – the minimum width of the resulting string

  • fillchar (string()) – the fill character

Throws

TypeError() – if width is not a number

Returns

string – the left-justified string

String.lower()

Return a lowercased version of the string.

Returns

string – the lowercased string

String.lstrip(chars="\" \"")

Return a left-stripped version of the string.

Arguments

  • chars (string()) – the characters to strip

Throws

TypeError() – if chars is not a string

Returns

string – the left-stripped string

String.maketrans(from="\"\"", to="\"\"")

Return a translation table to be used in a str.translate() method.

Arguments

  • from (string()) – the characters to replace

  • to (string()) – the replacement characters

Throws

  • TypeError() – if from is not a string

  • TypeError() – if to is not a string

  • TypeError() – if from and to are not the same length

Returns

Dict – the translation table

String.partition(sep)

Return a tuple containing the string itself, followed by the first occurrence of sep, and the remainder of the string.

Arguments

  • sep (string()) – the separator

Throws

  • TypeError() – if sep is not a string

  • ValueError() – if sep is empty

Returns

Tuple – the tuple containing the string itself, followed by the first occurrence of sep, and the remainder of the string

String.replace(old, new, count)

Return a copy of the string with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new.

Arguments

  • old (string()) – the substring to replace

  • new (string()) – the replacement substring

  • count (number()) – the maximum number of occurrences to replace

Returns

string – the copy of the string with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new

String.rfind(sub, start=0, end=-1)

Return the highest index in the string where substring sub is found, starting at the end.

Arguments

  • sub (string()) – the substring to find

  • start (number()) – the index to start the search

  • end (number()) – the index to end the search

Throws

  • TypeError() – if sub is not a string

  • TypeError() – if start is not a number

  • TypeError() – if end is not a number

  • ValueError() – if start is not in the range [0, len(string)]

Returns

number – the highest index in the string where substring sub is found, starting at the end

String.rindex(sub, start=0, end=-1)

Return the highest index in the string where substring sub is found, starting at the end.

Arguments

  • sub (string()) – the substring to find

  • start (number()) – the index to start the search

  • end (number()) – the index to end the search

Throws

  • TypeError() – if sub is not a string

  • TypeError() – if start is not a number

  • TypeError() – if end is not a number

  • ValueError() – if start is not in the range [0, len(string)]

Returns

number – the highest index in the string where substring sub is found, starting at the end

String.rjust(width, fillchar="\" \"")

Return the string right justified in a string of length width.

Arguments

  • width (number()) – the length of the resulting string

  • fillchar (string()) – the character to pad the string with

Throws

  • TypeError() – if width is not a number

  • TypeError() – if fillchar is not a string

  • ValueError() – if width is less than zero

Returns

string – the string right justified in a string of length width

String.rpartition(sep)

Return a tuple containing the string itself, followed by the last occurrence of sep, and the remainder of the string.

Arguments

  • sep (string()) – the separator

Throws

  • TypeError() – if sep is not a string

  • ValueError() – if sep is empty

  • ValueError() – if sep is not in the string

Returns

Tuple – the tuple containing the string itself, followed by the first occurrence of sep, and the remainder of the string

String.rsplit(sep="\" \"", maxsplit=-1)

Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string starting from the right.

Arguments

  • sep (string()) – the delimiter string

  • maxsplit (number()) – the maximum number of splits

Throws

  • TypeError() – if sep is not a string

  • TypeError() – if maxsplit is not a number

  • ValueError() – if maxsplit is less than zero

Returns

Array.<string> – the list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string

String.rstrip(chars="\" \"")

Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed.

Arguments

  • chars (string()) – the characters to be stripped

Throws

  • TypeError() – if chars is not a string

  • ValueError() – if chars is empty

  • ValueError() – if chars is not in the string

Returns

string – a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed

String.startswith(prefix, start=0)

Return true if the string starts with the prefix, otherwise return false.

Arguments

  • prefix (string()) – the prefix

  • start (number()) – the index to start searching from

Returns

boolean – true if the string starts with the prefix, otherwise return false

String.strip(chars="\" \"")

Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed.

Arguments

  • chars (string()) – the characters to be stripped

Returns

string – a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed

String.jsSplit()

The JS implementatino of split()

String.split(sep="\" \"", maxsplit=-1)

splits the string into a list of words using sep as the delimiter string and the maxsplit as the maximum number of splits.

Arguments

  • sep (string()) – the delimiter string

  • maxsplit (number()) – the maximum number of splits

Returns

List –

String.splitlines(keepends=false)

Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries.

Arguments

  • keepends (boolean()) – if true, retain line breaks in the resulting list

Throws

TypeError() – if keepends is not a boolean

Returns

Array.<string> – the list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries

String.swapcase()

Return a copy of the string with uppercase characters converted to lowercase and vice versa.

Throws

ValueError() – if the string is empty

Returns

string – a copy of the string with uppercase characters converted to lowercase and vice versa

String.title()

Return a titlecased version of the string where words start with an uppercase character and the remaining characters are lowercase.

Throws

  • ValueError() – if the string is empty

  • ValueError() – if the string contains only whitespace

Returns

string – a titlecased version of the string where words start with an uppercase character and the remaining characters are lowercase

String.translate(table="\"\"")

Return a copy of the string in which each character has been mapped through the given translation table. You can use String.maketrans() to create a translation map from character-to-character mappings in different formats.

Arguments

  • table (string()) – the mapping table

Throws

TypeError() – if table is not a Dict or Map

Returns

string – a copy of the string where all characters have been mapped to their uppercase equivalent

String.upper()

Return a copy of the string where all characters have been mapped to their uppercase equivalent.

Throws

ValueError() – if the string is empty

Returns

string – a copy of the string where all characters have been mapped to their uppercase equivalent

String.zfill(width)

Return a string of length width padded with zeros on the left.

Arguments

  • width (number()) – the length of the resulting string

Throws

  • TypeError() – if width is not a number

  • ValueError() – if width is not a positive integer

  • ValueError() – if the string is empty

Returns

string – a string of length width padded with zeros on the left

Functions

abs(x)

Return the absolute value of a number. The argument may be an integer, a floating point number.

Arguments

  • x (number()) – The number to take the absolute value of.

Returns

number – - The absolute value of x.

all(array)

Return True if all elements of the iterable are true.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to check.

Returns

boolean –

any(array)

Return True if any element of the iterable is true.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to check.

Returns

boolean –

ascii(obj)

return a string containing a printable representation of an object, but escape the non-ASCII characters in the string.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – the object

Returns

string –

bin(x)

Convert an integer number to a binary string

Arguments

  • x (number()) – the number to convert

Returns

string –

bool(x)

Returns a boolean. X is converted to a boolean Using a truth test.

Arguments

  • x (Object()) – the object to convert

Returns

boolean –

breakpoint()

This function is used to pause the debugger.

bytearray(data)

Return a new array of bytes. The Uint8Array is a typed array that is used to store the bytes and is a mutable sequence of integers in the range 0 to 255.

Arguments

  • data (iterable()) – The iterable to convert to a Uint8Array.

Returns

Uint8Array –

bytes(data)

Return a tuple containing an immutable sequence of integers from 0 to 255.

Arguments

  • data (iterable()) – The iterable to convert to a byte array.

Returns

Tuple –

callable(obj)

Return true if the given object is a function or class and false otherwise.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – The object to check.

Returns

boolean –

chr(i)

Return a string containing a character whose Unicode code is the integer i. This is the inverse of ord().

Arguments

  • i (number()) – The integer to convert to a character.

Returns

string –

complex(x, i=0)

Return a complex number with the given real and imaginary parts. If a string is given, it must be in the form “r [+-] xi”. Ex: complex(“2 + 3i”).

Arguments

  • x (number|string()) – The real part of the complex number or a string in the form “r [+-] xi”.

  • i (number()) – The imaginary part of the complex number.

Returns

Complex –

delattr(obj, name)

Delete an attribute from an object. If the attribute is a method, it is removed from the object’s method table.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – The object to delete the attribute from.

  • name (string()) – The name of the attribute to delete.

dict(iterable)

Return a dictionary created from the given iterable. The iterable must be an iterable containing two-element iterables representing key-value pairs.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to create a dictionary from.

Returns

Dict –

dir(obj)

Return a list of names in the given object.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – The object to get the names from. Defaults to the global object.

Returns

Array –

divmod(num, den)

Return a tuple containing the integer division of x and y and the remainder.

Arguments

  • num (number()) – The dividend.

  • den (number()) – The divisor.

Returns

Tuple – - The quotient and remainder.

enumerate(array, start=0, step=1)

Return an enumerate object. It contains a pair (index, value) for each item in the array. This is a generator object that returns a tuple containing the index and value of each item.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to enumerate.

  • start (number()) – The starting index. Defaults to 0.

  • step (number()) – The step. Defaults to 1.

Returns

Tuple – The enumerate object.

exec(code, globals, locals)

Execute the given code in a new context. The code must be a string.

Arguments

  • code (string()) – The code to execute.

  • globals (Object()) – The global object. Defaults to the global object.

  • locals (Object()) – The local object. Defaults to an empty object.

Returns

Object – The result of the code.

filter(func, iterable)

Return a list of those items in iterable for which function(item) is true.

Arguments

  • func (function()) – The function to filter by.

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to filter.

Returns

Array –

float(x)

Return a floating point number constructed from a string.

Arguments

  • x (string()) – The string to convert to a floating point number.

Returns

number –

format(string, *args)

Return a formatted string. The string must have at least one replacement sequence, otherwise a TypeError is raised.

The embedded sequences are substituted by the values in args. The sequence has the form {}.

The result is computed by replacing each occurrence of the embedded sequence with the string representation of the corresponding value.

Example:

>>> format("{} {}", "a", "b")
'a b'
frozenset(iterable)

Returns a new frozen set containing the items in iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to freeze.

Returns

FrozenSet –

getattr(obj, name, defaultValue)

Return the value of the named attribute of object. If the attribute is not found, default is returned if provided, otherwise AttributeError is raised.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – The object to get the attribute from.

  • name (string()) – The name of the attribute to get.

  • defaultValue (any()) – The default value to return if the attribute is not found.

Throws

Error() – If the attribute is not found and no default value is provided.

Returns

any –

hasattr(obj, name)

Return True if the named attribute is found in the given object, otherwise False.

Arguments

  • obj (Object()) – The object to check the attribute in.

  • name (string()) – The name of the attribute to check.

Returns

boolean –

hex(x)

Convert an integer to a hexadecimal string.

Arguments

  • x (number()) – The integer to convert to a hexadecimal string.

Returns

string –

int(x, base=10)

Return the integer value of x. If base is given, the string x is first converted to a number in base base. If the string cannot be converted to an integer, a TypeError is raised.

Arguments

  • x (string()) – The string to convert to an integer.

  • base (number()) – The base to convert the string to. Defaults to 10.

Returns

number –

isinstance(x, Type)

Return True if the given object is an instance of the given type.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – The object to check.

  • Type (type()) – The type to check against.

Returns

boolean –

issubclass(x, type)

Return True if the given object is a subclass of the given type.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – The object to check.

  • type (type()) – The type to check against.

Returns

boolean –

iter(obj)

Return an iterator over the given iterable.

Arguments

  • obj (iterable()) – The iterable to iterate over.

Returns

Iterator –

len(array)

Return the length of the given object.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The object to get the length of.

Returns

number –

list(iterable)

Create a list containing the items in iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to create a list from.

Returns

List –

locals()

return the global objects.

Returns

Object –

map(func, iterable)

Return a new list containing the items returned by applying the given function to the items of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • func (function()) – The function to apply to each item.

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to map over.

Returns

Array –

max(array)

Returns the maximum value in the given iterable.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to get the maximum value from.

Returns

number –

min(array)

Return the minimum value in the given iterable.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to get the minimum value from.

Returns

number –

next(iterator, def)

Return the next item from the iterator.

Arguments

  • iterator (Iterator()) – The iterator to get the next item from.

  • def (any()) – The default value to return if the iterator is exhausted.

Returns

any –

oct(x)

Return the octal representation of an integer.

Arguments

  • x (number()) – The integer to convert to an octal string.

Returns

string –

ord(x)

Return the Unicode code point for the given character.

Arguments

  • x (string()) – The character to get the Unicode code point for.

Returns

number –

pow(num, exp)

Return x to the power of y.

Arguments

  • num (number()) – The base.

  • exp (number()) – The exponent.

Returns

number –

print(text, ...args)

Print the given object to the console no end or sep abilities in web version.

Arguments

  • text (any()) – The object to print.

  • args (any()) – Any additional objects to print.

range(stop, start=null, step=1)

Return an iterator that produces a range of integers.

Arguments

  • stop (number()) – The stop value of the range(exclusive). Will be the start value if the start value is given.

  • start (number()) – The start value of the range(inclusive). Defaults to 0.

  • step (number()) – The step value of the range. Defaults to 1.

Returns

Iterator –

repr(obj)

Returns a string containing the printable representation of the given object.

Arguments

  • obj (any()) – The object to convert to a string.

Returns

string –

reversed(iterable)

Reverse the order of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to reverse.

Returns

iterable –

round(num, ndigits=0)

Return the rounded value of x to the given number of decimal places.

Arguments

  • num (number()) – The number to round.

  • ndigits (number()) – The number of decimal places to round to.

Returns

number –

set(array)

Create a set from the given iterable.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to create a set from.

Returns

Set –

setattr(obj, name, value)

Set the value of an attribute of an object. If the attribute is not present, it will be added.

Arguments

  • obj (object()) – The object to set the attribute on.

  • name (string()) – The name of the attribute to set.

  • value (any()) – The value to set the attribute to.

slice(array, start, stop, step=1)

Return a slice of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to slice.

  • start (number()) – The start index of the slice.

  • stop (number()) – The stop index of the slice.

  • step (number()) – The step value of the slice.

Returns

iterable –

sorted(iterable, key)

Return a sorted list of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to sort.

  • key (function()) – The function to use to sort the iterable.

Returns

iterable –

str(x)

Return the string representation of the given object.

Arguments

  • x (any()) – The object to convert to a string.

Returns

string –

sum(array)

Return the sum of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • array (iterable()) – The iterable to sum.

Returns

number –

tuple(iterable)

Return a tuple of the given iterable.

Arguments

  • iterable (iterable()) – The iterable to create a tuple from.

Returns

Tuple –

type(obj)

Return the type of the given object.

Arguments

  • obj (any()) – The object to get the type of.

Returns

string –

zip(...arrays)

Return a list of tuples, where the i-th tuple contains the i-th element from each of the argument sequences or iterables.

Arguments

  • arrays (any()) – The iterables to zip.

Returns

iterable –